Lee "Scratch" Perry

Lee "Scratch" Perry
GanwydRainford Hugh Perry Edit this on Wikidata
20 Mawrth 1936 Edit this on Wikidata
Kendal Edit this on Wikidata
Bu farw29 Awst 2021 Edit this on Wikidata
Lucea Edit this on Wikidata
Label recordioUpsetter Records, Island Records Edit this on Wikidata
DinasyddiaethJamaica Edit this on Wikidata
Galwedigaethcyfansoddwr, canwr, cyfansoddwr caneuon, cynhyrchydd recordiau, cerddor, troellwr disgiau Edit this on Wikidata
Arddullreggae, rocksteady, jungle, drum and bass, dub music, Ska Edit this on Wikidata
Gwobr/auGrammy Award for Best Reggae Album, Gold Musgrave Medal Edit this on Wikidata
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Roedd Lee “Scratch” Perry (ganwyd Rainford Hugh Perry; 28 Mawrth 1936 – 29 Awst 2021) yn gynhyrchydd, cyfansoddwr caneuon, canwr a DJ o Jamaica. Roedd yn enwog am ei dechnegau stiwdio arloesol, ac roedd yn un o'r rhai a ail-luniodd gerddoriaeth Reggae.[1][2]

Cafodd Perry ei eni yn Kendal, Jamaica. Roedd ymhlith y cynhyrchwyr-gerddorion cyntaf o Jamaica i ddefnyddio'r stiwdio fel offeryn, ac arloesodd gyda ffurf offerynnol "dub", lle tynnir rhannau o drac rhythm a phwysleisio eraill trwy atsain, ailadrodd a chwarae darnau o dâp o chwith.

Gweithiodd gydag amrywiaeth eang o artistiaid a chynhyrchu eu cerddoriaeth, gan gynnwys Bob Marley and the Wailers, Junior Murvin, The Congos, Max Romeo, Adrian Sherwood, Beastie Boys, Ari Up, The Clash, The Orb, a llawer mwy.

Arloeswr ecsentrig

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Enillodd yr enw "Scratch" ar ôl un o'i recordiau yn y 1960au cynnar, The Chicken Scratch. Recordiodd i Coxsone Dodd, perchennog Stiwdio One un o labeli mawr Jamaica'r cyfnod. Cynhyrchodd hits i gantorion Reggae fel Justin Hines a Delroy Wilson a gwneud ei recordiau ei hun hefyd.

Sgoriodd hit offerynnol gyda The Upsetter ym Mhrydain ar ddiwedd y 1960au ac enwodd ei label a'i fand The Upsetters ar ei ôl. [3] Chwaraeodd ran bwysig yn llwyddiant cynnar grŵp mwyaf Jamaica, y Wailers (gan gynnwys Bob Marley a Peter Tosh).

O 1968 hyd 1972, gweithiodd gyda'i fand stiwdio The Upsetters. Yn ystod y 1970au, rhyddhaodd Perry nifer o recordiadau ar nifer o labeli recordiau yr oedd yn eu rheoli, ac roedd llawer o'i ganeuon yn boblogaidd tu hwnt i Jamaica. Roedd ei hit offerynnol The Return of Django yn 5 uchaf y siartiau Y BBC ym Mhrydain, 1969 ac yn yn boblogaidd iawn gyda'r Skinheads - ffasiwn oedd ar ei brig ar y pryd.

Ond daeth ei arloesiadau mwyaf ar ôl iddo adeiladu stiwdio Black Ark y tu ôl i'w gartref yn Kingston ym 1974. Dechreuodd arbrofi gyda pheiriannau drymiau ac effeithiau stiwdio oedd yn arwain at oes "Dub" y 1970au ac yn dylanwadu ar dechnegau cynhyrchu mewn reggae, hip - hop a roc am ddegawdau wedi hynny. Yn enwog am ei gymeriad ecsentrig, losgodd stiwdio'r Black Ark ym 1980.[4]

Ar ôl ddiwedd cyfnod y Back Art ar ddechrau'r 1980au, treuliodd Perry amser yn Lloegr a'r Unol Daleithiau, yn perfformio'n fyw ac yn gwneud recordiau achlysurol gydag amrywiaeth o gydweithredwyr.

Parhaodd albymau mwyfwy avant-garde Perry i ennill canmoliaeth feirniadol i'r 21ain ganrif. Enillodd Jamaican E.T. (2002) Wobr Grammy am yr albwm reggae gorau, ac enwebwyd The End of an American Dream (2007), Repentance (2008), Revelation (2010), a Back on the Controls (2014) i gyd yn y categori hwnnw.

Yn 2012 derbyniodd Perry anrhydedd Jamaica, yr Order of Distinction, Commander Class. [5]

Bu farw yn Lucea, yn 85 oed.

Discography

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Gweithiodd Perry ar ganodd o draciau yn bennaf ar senglau 45 Jamaica. Mae'r rhestr ganlynol yn ddetholiad o rhai o'r albymau sydd wedi'u bod ar gael tu allan i Jamaica

Reordiau hir

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  • The Upsetters – The Upsetter (1969)
  • The Upsetters – Return of Django (1969)
  • The Upsetters – Clint Eastwood (1970)
  • The Upsetters – Many Moods of the Upsetters (1970)
  • The Upsetters – Scratch the Upsetter Again (1970)
  • The Upsetters – Eastwood Rides Again (1970)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Africa's Blood (1972)
  • The Upsetters – Scratch the Upsetter – Cloak & Dagger (1973)
  • The Upsetters – Rhythm Shower (1973)
  • The Upsetters – Upsetters 14 Dub Blackboard Jungle|14 Dub Blackboard Jungle (1973)
  • The Upsetters – Double Seven (1974)
  • King Tubby Meets the Upsetter – At the Grass Roots of Dub (1974)
  • The Upsetters – Musical Bones (1975)
  • The Upsetters – Return of Wax (1975)
  • The Mighty Upsetter – Kung Fu Meets the Dragon (1975)
  • Lee Perry & The Upsetters – Revolution Dub (1975)
  • The Upsetters – Super Ape (1976)
  • Lee Perry – Roast Fish Collie Weed & Corn Bread (1978)
  • The Upsetters – Return of the Super Ape (1978)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – The Return of Pipecock Jackxon (1980)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Black Ark In Dub (1981)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & The Majestics – Mystic Miracle Star (1982)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – History, Mystery & Prophesy (1984)
  • Lee 'Scratch' Perry and The Upsetters – Battle of Armagideon (Millionaire Liquidator) (1986)
  • Lee 'Scratch' Perry + Dub Syndicate – Time Boom X De Devil Dead (1987)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Satan Kicked the Bucket (1988)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry with Mad Professor – Mystic Warrior (1989)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry with Mad Professor – Mystic Warrior Dub (1989)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Message from Yard (1990)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – From the Secret Laboratory (1990)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry Meets Bullwackie – Satan's Dub (1990)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Spiritual Healing (1990)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Lord God Muzik (1991)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – The Upsetter and the Beat (1992)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Mad Professor – Black Ark Experryments (1995)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Experryments at the Grass Roots of Dub (1995)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry featuring Mad Professor/Douggie Digital/Juggler – Super Ape Inna Jungle (1996)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Who Put the Voodoo Pon Reggae (1996)
  • Mad Professor & Lee " Scratch" Perry – Dub Take the Voodoo Out of Reggae (1996)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Technomajikal (1997)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Dub Fire (1998)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Fire in Dub (1998)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – On the Wire (2000)
  • Mad Professor & Lee "Scratch" Perry – Techno Party (2000)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Niney the Observer – Station Underground Report (2001)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Jamaican E.T. (2002)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Alien Starman (2003)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry and the Whitebellyrats – Panic in Babylon (2004)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – End of an American Dream (2007)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – The Mighty Upsetter (2008)
  • Lee "$cratch" Perry – Repentance (2008 album)|Repentance (2008)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Scratch Came Scratch Saw Scratch Conquered (2008)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Adrian Sherwood – Dub Setter (2009)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – The Unfinished Master Piece (2010)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Revelation (2010)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Bill Laswell – Rise Again (2011)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Master Piece (2012)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & ERM – Humanicity (2012)
  • The Orb feat. Lee "Scratch" Perry – The Orbserver in the Star House (2012)
  • The Orb feat. Lee "Scratch" Perry – More Tales from the Orbservatory (2013)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Back on the Controls (2014)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Pura Vida – The Super Ape Strikes Again (2015)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Must Be Free (2016)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Science, Magic, Logic (2017)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Subatomic Sound System – Super Ape Returns to Conquer (2017)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – The Black Album (2018)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Alien Dub Massive (2019)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Woodie Taylor – Big Ben Rock (2019)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Rainford (2019)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Mr. Green – Super Ape vs. 緑: Open Door (2019)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Life of Plants (2019)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Heavy Rain (2019)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Live in Brighton (2020)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Lee Scratch Perry Presents The Full Experience (2020)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry and Spacewave – Dubz of the Root (2021)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Ral Ston – Friends (2021)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & Ral Ston & Scientist – Scratch & Scientist Meet Ral Ston To Conquer The Evil Duppies (2021)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry & New Age Doom – Lee "Scratch" Perry's Guide to the Universe (2021)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – Heaven (2023)
  • Lee "Scratch" Perry – King Perry (album) (2024)

Amlgyfrannog

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  • DIP Presents the Upsetter (1975)
  • Scratch on the Wire (1979)
  • The Upsetter Collection (1981)
  • Megaton Dub (1983)
  • Arkology (album)|Arkology (1997)
  • Ape-ology (2007)
  • King Scratch Musical (2022)

Cyfeiriadau

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  1. ↑ Katz, David (17 November 2009). People Funny Boy – The Genius Of Lee 'Scratch' Perry. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-034-2.
  2. ↑ Mason, Peter (19 Awst 2021). "Lee 'Scratch' Perry obituary". The Guardian (yn Saesneg). Cyrchwyd 19 August 2021.
  3. ↑ https://trojanrecords.com/artist/the-hippy-boys-the-upsetters/
  4. ↑ Heselgrave, Douglas (December 2006). "Lee Scratch Perry: From the Black Ark to the Skull Cave, the Madman Becomes a Psychiatrist". Music Box Magazine.
  5. ↑ Bonitto, Brian (2012), "Tosh gets OM", Jamaica Observer, 7 Awst 2012.